Command List

These are commands that affect strings.

Turtle, Observer, Patch

butfirst (bf) value

Parameters:
value List or string A list of data or a string

Description:
When passed a list, butfirst returns a new list [list of data] with the first item removed. The input list is not changed.

When passed a string, butfirst returns a new string with the first character removed. The input string is not changed.

Examples:
butfirst [4 5 6 7] returns [5 6 7].

Related Commands:
butlast first last lput sentence
Turtle, Observer, Patch

butlast (bl) value

Parameters:
value List or string The list of data or string to operate on

Description:
When given a list of data, returns the new value of value with the last item removed. The input list is not changed.

When given a string, returns a new string with the last character removed. The input string is not changed.

Examples:
butlast [4 5 6 7] returns [4 5 6].

Related Commands:
butfirst first last lput sentence
Turtle, Observer, Patch

empty? data

Parameters:
data List or string list or string to test for emptiness

Description:
If data is a list of data, reports true if data is empty.

If data is a string, reports true if data has no characters (i.e. = "").

Examples:
empty? [0 0] returns false.

empty? [] returns true.

empty? "hello" returns false.

Related Commands:
first last make-list sentence
Turtle, Observer, Patch

first [list of data] or string

Parameters:
[list of data] or string List or string List or string to return the first character/element from

Description:
Returns the first element of a [list of data] or the first character of a string.

Examples:
first [3 4 5 6] returns 3.

first "hello" returns "h".

Related Commands:
butfirst butlast empty? fput last lput
Turtle, Observer, Patch

fput item

Parameters:
item List or string

Description:
Adds the item into the list as the first element

Examples:
fput 1 [2 3 4] returns [1 2 3 4].

fput "hello" "mom" returns "hellomom".

Related Commands:
first insert last lput reverse sentence
Turtle, Observer, Patch

item number [list]

Parameters:
number Number
[list] List

Description:
Returns the element of [list] at the number'th position.

Examples:
item 2 [4 6 8] returns 6.

Notes:
Indexing starts from 1.

Related Commands:
position remove remove-element setitem
Turtle, Observer, Patch

last [list of data]

Parameters:
[list of data] List or string list of data of which you want the last element

Description:
Returns the last item of [list of data].

Examples:
last [4 5 6 7] returns 7.

Related Commands:
butfirst butlast empty? first fput lput
Turtle, Observer, Patch

length [list of data]

Parameters:
[list of data] List or string list of data for which you want the length

Description:
Returns the length of [list of data].

Examples:
length [] returns 0.

length [4 5 6 7] returns 4.

Related Commands:
list make-list sentence
Turtle, Observer, Patch

lput item [list of data]

Parameters:
item Integer the item that you are placing in the list
[list of data] List or string list of data that you are adding to

Description:
Returns the new value of [list of data] with item as its last element. The input list is not changed.

Examples:
lput 4 [1 2 3] returns [1 2 3 4].

Related Commands:
butfirst butlast first fput insert last reverse sentence
Turtle, Observer, Patch

member? item [list of data]

Parameters:
item Anything item which you are looking for
[list of data] List or string list of data to search

Description:
Returns true if item is a member of [list of data].

Examples:
member? 4 [1 0 9] returns false.

member? 4 [1 4 9] returns true.

Related Commands:
insert position remove remove-element setitem
Turtle, Observer, Patch

reverse [list]

Parameters:
[list] List list to be reversed

Description:
Reports the new list with the order of the elements in [list] reversed. The input [list] is not changed.

Examples:
reverse [1 2 3] reports the list [3 2 1].

Related Commands:
fput list lput sentence
Turtle, Observer, Patch

to-string [list of commands]

Parameters:
[list of commands] List of commands Commands to execute whose return values will form the string

Description:
Takes a list of instructions (variables, reporters, strings), executes them, and concatenates their return values, returning the concatenated string.

Related Commands:
to-delimited-string to-list
Turtle, Observer, Patch

word? thing

Parameters:
thing Anything Any value

Description:
Returns true if thing is a word or string.

Examples:
word? 2 returns true

word? [1 2 3] returns false

Notes:
See the Data Types documentation for what constitutes a word or string.

Related Commands:
list? number?